Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry

Inquiry question: What happens in chemical reactions?

Students:

conduct practical investigations to observe and measure the quantitative relationships of chemical reactions, including but not limited to:

masses of solids and/or liquids in chemical reactions

volumes of gases in chemical reactions (ACSCH046)

relate stoichiometry to the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions by investigating:

balancing chemical equations (ACSCH039)

solving problems regarding mass changes in chemical reactions (ACSCH046)

Mole Concept

Inquiry question: How are measurements made in chemistry?

Students:

conduct a practical investigation to demonstrate and calculate the molar mass (mass of one mole) of:

an element

a compound (ACSCH046)

conduct an investigation to determine that chemicals react in simple whole number ratios by moles

explore the concept of the mole and relate this to Avogadro’s constant to describe, calculate and manipulate masses, chemical amounts and numbers of particles in: (ACSCH007, ACSCH039)

moles of elements and compounds n=mMM $n=\frac{m}{MM}$(n $n$= chemical amount in moles, m $m$= mass in grams, MM $MM$= molar mass in gmol−1 $\text{gmol}^{-1}$)

percentage composition calculations and empirical formulae

limiting reagent reactions

Concentration and Molarity

Inquiry question: How are chemicals in solutions measured?

Students:

conduct practical investigations to determine the concentrations of solutions and investigate the different ways in which concentrations are measured (ACSCH046, ACSCH063)

manipulate variables and solve problems to calculate concentration, mass or volume using:

c=nV $c=\frac{n}{V}$(molarity formula) (ACSCH063)

dilutions (number of moles before dilution = number of moles of sample after dilution)

conduct an investigation to make a standard solution and perform a dilution

Gas Laws

Inquiry question: How does the Ideal Gas Law relate to all other Gas Laws?

Students:

conduct investigations and solve problems to determine the relationship between the Ideal Gas Law and:

Gay-Lussac’s Law (temperature)

Boyle’s Law

Charles’ Law

Avogadro’s Law (ACSCH060)