Forces

Inquiry question: How are forces produced between objects and what effects do forces produce?

Using Newton’s Laws of Motion, describe static and dynamic interactions between two or more objects and the changes that result from:

a contact force

a force mediated by fields

Explore the concept of net force and equilibrium in one-dimensional and simple two-dimensional contexts using: 

algebraic addition

vector addition

vector addition by resolution into components

solve problems or make quantitative predictions about resultant and component forces by applying the following relationships:

F⃗ AB=−F⃗ BA $\vec F_\textrm{AB} = -\vec F_\textrm{BA}$

Fx=Fcosθ,Fy=Fsinθ $F_x = F\cos\theta, F_y = F\sin\theta$

conduct a practical investigation to explain and predict the motion of objects on inclined planes

Forces, Acceleration and Energy

Inquiry question: How can the motion of objects be explained and analysed?:

apply Newton’s first two laws of motion to a variety of everyday situations, including both static and dynamic examples, and include the role played by friction f⃗ friction=μF⃗

investigate, describe and analyse the acceleration of a single object subjected to a constant net force and relate the motion of the object to Newton’s Second Law of Motion through the use of: (ACSPH062, ACSPH063)

qualitative descriptions

graphs and vectors

deriving relationships from graphical representations including F⃗ net=ma⃗ $\vec F_\textrm{net} = m\vec a$and relationships of uniformly accelerated motion

apply the special case of conservation of mechanical energy to the quantitative analysis of motion involving:

work done and change in the kinetic energy of an object undergoing accelerated rectilinear motion in one dimension

W=F∥s=Fscosθ $W = F_{\parallel}s=Fs\cos\theta$

changes in gravitational potential energy of an object in a uniform field ΔU=mgΔh $\Delta U = mg\Delta h$

conduct investigations over a range of mechanical processes to analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the concept of average power P=ΔEΔt $\displaystyle P = \frac{\Delta E}{\Delta t}$, P=F∥v=Fvcosθ $P = F_\parallel v = Fv\cos\theta$including but not limited to:

uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion 

objects raised against the force of gravity

work done against air resistance, rolling resistance and friction

Momentum, Energy and Simple Systems

Inquiry question: How is the motion of objects in a simple system dependent on the interaction between the objects

conduct an investigation to describe and analyse one-dimensional (collinear) and two-dimensional interactions of objects in simple closed systems 

analyse qualitatively and predict, using the law of conservation of momentum
∑mv⃗ before=∑mv⃗ after $\sum m\vec v_{\textrm{before}} = \sum m\vec v_{\textrm{after}}$and, where appropriate, conservation of kinetic energy
∑12mv2before=∑12mv2after $\sum\frac{1}{2}m v_{\textrm{before}}^2 = \sum\frac{1}{2}m v_{\textrm{after}}^2$, the results of interactions in elastic collisions

investigate the relationship and analyse information obtained from graphical representations of force as a function of time

evaluate the effects of forces involved in collisions and other interactions, and analyse quantitatively the interactions using the concept of impulse Δp⃗ =F⃗ netΔt $\Delta\vec p = \vec F_\textrm{net}\Delta t$

analyse and compare the momentum and kinetic energy of elastic and inelastic collisions